【摘要】 本文利用镀锌铁皮制成模拟仓桶模拟实仓环境,试验表明该仓具有较好的模拟实仓条件的能力。在此模拟条件下,我们分别对我国主要的三种仓虫——玉米象、谷蠹、杂拟谷盗的单一种群以及两两混合种群、三种仓虫的混合种群的生长发育对粮温变化的影响进行了研究。结果表明:昆虫的生长发育对粮温变化有很明显的增温作用。混合种群的增温能力高于单一种群;玉米象产生增温所需的时间最短,谷蠹较慢,但谷蠹最终导致的粮温增量高于玉米象。杂拟谷盗对粮温增量最低,上层温度受昆虫的影响最大,中、下层较弱;虫口密度的增加,使粮堆的增温量也随之增加。但是,粮堆温度的增加与虫口密度没有直接相关,而是与昆虫总的活动量相关。当外温降低时,尽管昆虫的数量较高,但总的活动力却降低了,因此,对粮堆的增温能力反而降低了。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, metal bin that made of iron plate wore used to simulate field storehouse conditions. The experiment indicated that it is very useful to simulate field storehouse conditions. At this simulative condition, the influence of development of single populations: and mixed populations with two species or three species of the three main stored grain insects (Sitophilus zeamais, Rhizopertha dominica, Tribolium confusum) on the changes of grain temperature has been studied. The result showed insect development would cause the grain temperature to rise obviously. Capacity of rising temperature caused by mixed populations was higher than that by single populations. The time that S.zeamais caused grain temperature increased was the-shortest, slow for R. dominica, but the final increment temperature was higher than that by S.zeamais. Temperature increment caused by T.confusum was the lowest. Effect of insects development on upper layer grain temperature was higher, but lower for middle and bottom. If insect density was higher, the temperature of grain bulk was higher too. The grain temperature increased has not relation with insect density directly, but relation with the total activity of insects. When the ambient temperature was down, although the insect density was higher, the total activity of insect was lower, so the increment value of grain temperature was down oppositely.更多还原