【摘要】 离子交换法制得V₂O₅凝胶和SiO₂含量低于50％（mol）的SiO₂-V₂O₅凝胶。借助透射电镜和电子衍射仪,研究了凝胶的结构,并用DTA-EGA和XRD分析了热处理过程中凝胶的物理化学变化。浸涂法制得V₂O₅和SiO₂-V₂O₃导电膜。凝胶具纤维状结构并含有V₂O₅·H₂O晶子。热处理温度影响膜的状态和电导率。电导率随温度升高,在305～315℃达最大值0.3 Ω^-1cm^-1,温度进一步提高时将导致V₂O₅晶化和电导率下降。SiO₂的掺入提高膜的抗划伤强度并阻缓V₂O₅晶化,但是降低了电导率。更多还原

【Abstract】 V₂O₅ gel and SiO₂-V₂O₅ gels （SiO₂<50％（mol）） were prepared by ion exchange process. Their textures were studied by TEM and electron diffraction, and the physical and chemical changes during heat treatments were analysed, by DTA-EGA and XRD. Conducting coatings were deposited by dip coating. The gels possess fibrous textures and contain V₂O₅.H₂O crystallites. The morphology and conductivity of coatings are influenced by the temperature of the heat treatment. With increasing temperature, the conductivity of coatings increases and reaches the maximum 0.3 Ω^-1cm^-1 at 305～315℃. However the further increase in temperature leads to the crystallization of V₂O₅ and the decrease in conductivity. With the addition of SiO₂, the scratch hardness of coatings increases and the crystallization of V₂O_■ is retarded, but the conductivity of coatings decreases.更多还原