【摘要】 用大麦品种86-166的未成熟胚为外植体,通过离体培养获得81个体细胞无性系,研究了R₂代抽穗期、株高、单株穗数、旗叶长、旗叶宽、穗颈长、穗长和结实率等8个农艺性状的变异规律。结果表明,大麦体细胞无性系二代存在着广泛的性状变异,一般株系间变异大于株系内变异,而在株系内个体间的表型差异性上,可出现高度纯合、一致和不一致3种情况。按株系统计,8个农艺性状的平均变异频率为65.39％,其中稳定变异为48.65％,分离变异为16.75％。以抽穗期、旗叶长、旗叶宽、穗颈长和穗长的变异频率较高,达80％以上,其次为株高和单株穗数,各为40.74％和29.63％;结实率的变异频率为最低,仅14.81％。各农艺性状均具有明显的变异趋向,般表现为抽穗期延迟,植株变矮,穗数增加,穗变长,穗颈变短,叶片变大,结实率降低。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cultured in vitro with immature embryos of a barley strain,86-116,as explants.81 lines of the progeny of regenerated plants （R₂） were obtained and the variations in heading date,plant height.grain number per plant,length and width of flag leaf.lengths of neck and spike,fertility of grain in Regeneration were assessed.The results indicated that the variation in all of these characters were significant but greater among the lines than that within the lines. The individual differences in phenotype of R₂lines occurred in three forms,i.e.heterozygous.homozygous and highly homozygous.For the frequency of variation in the characters,heading date,length and width of flag leaf.lengths of neck and spike was the highest （80%,or more） followed by plant height （40.74%） and number of spikes per plant （29.63%）and grain fertility was the lowest （14.81%）.with the average of 63.39% in frequency of the eight agronomic characters,of which 48.65%was stable and 16.75% was segregated.The study also showed that the variation of some characters tended to be more obvious such as the extention of heading date,shorter plant height and neck. longer spike.larger flag leaf, lower fertility of grains and increasing number of spikes.更多还原