【摘要】 本文在阐述宝玉石染色、改色实验意义的同时,重点通过对宝玉石染色机理的探讨,寻求染色、改色的最佳实验条件。在进行无机染色的同时,又对有机染色进行了尝试,取得了比较满意的效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the theory of crystal field, the colour mechanism of jewels and jades is expounded, and a series of tests on their dyeing and colour improving are made. The dyeing tests include inorganic and organic tests. Meanwhile, we discuss the mechanism of dying and colour improving. Particularly, we have obtained satisfactory samples with organic dyestuffs. From the theory of crystal field, various mechanisms of the mineral dyeing can be summarized as the electrons of dyestuff molecules absorb a certain energy from visible lights during their transition to make the minerals dyed. The transitional metal ions are the chief ions which make the minerals dyed. We have the inorganic dyeing on Jiannan and Xiuyan jades with the solution containing Cr—ions and Cu—ions solution, while we use three sorts of organic dyestuffs with different colours to dye the Jiangnan and Xiuyan jades; one is active dyestuff, other are acid ones. As we know, Jiangnan and Xiuyan jades are all layer—silieatesminerals; between their layers, there are a series of tectoriums. They provide the prerequisite for the ions or molecules of dyestuff permeating into the minerals or having ions exchanged. Following that the minerals can be dyed. The agate, jadeit and emerald are tested with thermoprocess when in the tests of colour improving. The transitional metal ions in the jewels and jades will be oxided or reducted, or the ions might be diffused during heated. These effects will lead to the aim of colour improving. Having known these, we conclude the prerequisite of the colour improving is that the jewels and jades used for tests must have tow or more sorts of colour—making ions. Only in this condition can the jewels and jades with light and/or pale colour be changed into the colourful ones.更多还原