【摘要】 作者发现,在碳酸盐岩形成的红粘上风化壳中,往往保留着基岩的残留结构和构造,通过野外观察、系统取样分析,本文以一种新的观点探讨了碳酸盐岩风化壳的形成过程,认为地下水的差异溶蚀和选择交代是喀斯特的主要成土作用,同时也讨论了环境因素对成土作用的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The obvious characteristic of weathering crust of carbonate rocks is tbat the crust is mainly composed of badded silicate clay minerals, which are much diffent from the carbonate minerals in bedrocks. The clear mineral transformation from bedrock to weathering crust as in the case of granite does not exist for carbonate rocks.The formation of laterite clay used to be considered as deposite of unsoluble materials in carbonate rocks, so that the transformation from bedrocks to clay is unequivoluminous. But the authors discovered that some rdlic structures and textures of carbonate bedrocks, such as stratification plane, were remained in the body of laterite clay. It means that the change from bedrock to clay is equivoluminous. Based on the field observation and sample analysis, we explained the process of formation of carbonate rock weathering crust from a new point of view. The major process so called process of karst earth formation went on in open system as a result of selecting dissolution of groundwater and replacement in water-rock system.Groundwater is a carrier in which soluble materials (Ca.Mg) dissolute out from bedrock and new materials (Si, Al,Fe) bring in bedrock. Many clay minerals are formed from soluble materials, such as Si. Al, Fe in groundwater, in suitable circumstances (pH,Eh, Temperature,presure ect.).更多还原