【摘要】 分别用人工感染患鼠疫败血症而濒死的灰旱獭和经人工饲养装置定量鼠疫菌感染的人蚤灰旱獭株共552只,在整个观察期间末形成栓塞。以强毒鼠菌株7239号2.1×109个菌/ml狗血,感染和田人蚤狗株,其菌栓率为3.4％,这为人——人蚤——人的鼠疫传播途径提供了可靠的实验依据。证实1972年新疆和田地区洛浦县玉龙喀什乡发生人间腺鼠疫流行的媒介是和田人蚤狗株。更多还原

【Abstract】 A total of 552 fleas of Pulex irritans grey marmot strain, which were infected by taking blood meal on Marmota baibacina that were dying of pesticemia caused by experimental plague infection and by quantitative infection with Yersina pestis in a kind of breeding device, respectively, were observed for plague mass formation. Results showed that no plague mass was developed in any of the observed fleas during the study, and the fleas were unable to transmit the disease, indicating that the flea grey marmot strain was inefficient vector in plague transmission. Furthermore, bactriological study revealed that no Y. pestis were remained in the fleas 12 days after infection and results were negative when bacterial cultures were made with the fleas after each observation. Based on the physiological observations of the fleas of grey marmot strain, 3 factors are considered to explain the incapacity of the fleas to develop plague masses.A blockage rate of 3.4% was obtained when the fleas Pulex irritans collected from dogs in Hotan were infected with virulent Y. pestis, 2.1×109cells/ml dog blood, suggesting that the fleas dog strain, despite of the low blockage rate, were vectors of plague transmission, which then provide experimental evidence for the transmissoin route of "human-human flea-human" , and confirmed that the transmission vectors of the 1972 prevalence of bubonic plague in a community of Lop County, Hotan District were the fleas Pulex irritans Hotan dog strain.更多还原