【摘要】 对硬粒小麦（Triticum durum）-簇毛麦（Haynaldia vtllosa）杂种幼胚和 F₁幼穗诱导的愈伤组织进行秋水仙素处埋染色体加倍试验,秋水仙素浓度分别为20、50、100和150mg/l;处理时间为8、10、12,14、16和19天;742块愈伤组织在20-27℃温度和每日10小时荧光灯照条件下进行处理。结果表明:不同处理的平均加倍率（结实株数/成活株数×100％）为78.8％,以秋水仙素浓度150mg/l 处理10天的加倍率最高为94.1％。平均处理效果（结实株数/处理愈伤组织数×100％）是15.8％。以秋水仙素浓度150mg/l 处理8天的处理效果最佳为34.1％。试验说明,利用生物技术——幼胚或幼穗培养,使远缘杂种后代快繁和染色体加倍同时进行是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In vitro culture of young inflorescences of F₁ intergeneric haploid which,having a so- matic chromosome number of 21,had been obtained from immature embryo culture of Tri- ticum durum stewart 63 D311[4X]×Haynaldia villosa before,resulted in proliferation of to- tipotent calli from which plantlets were regenerated.Regenerations were also obtained from immature embyro calli of F₁ intergeneric hybrid of T.durum mexicali-75×H,villosa and T durum 81086A×H.villosa 742 calli were used for cotchicine treatment during the cultivation of culture.The colchicine concentrations were 20,50,100 and 150 mg/l for treatment of 8,10,12,14,16 and 19 days respectively under 10 hours of light daily at 20—27℃.After treatment,calli were put at lower temperature for several days to make them grow slow and be strong.The results show that the average of the chromosome doubling rate [No.of fertile plantlets/totai No of plantlets×100%] is 78.8% [rang from 45.7—96.9% according to dif- ferent hybrids],and the treatment effect [No.of fertile plantlets/total No.of calli] is 15.8%. The treatment with 150 rag/l of colchicine for 10 days got the best result with chromosome doubl- ing rate of 94.1% and 8 days got the best result with treatment effect 34.1% respectively.Col- chicine treated calli had 42 or 21 chromosomes and they were either separated in different calli or mixed in one callus,while F₁ seed root tip cells of fertile plant had 42 chromosomes. Some unequal divisions and chromosome fragments were observed in pollen mother cells of fertile plants.更多还原