【摘要】 通过对酒泉地区土壤、牧草、牛、羊和骆驼肉、骨中天然铀的分析测定,探讨了其自然分布及土壤——牧草和牧草——动物体间的转移情况。结果表明,铀在土壤中,由表层0～5cm（3.09mg/kg土）至30cm处（2.36mg/kg土）,浓度递减;从31cm处至100cm（2.82mg/kg土）浓度递增。因此,浓度曲线在30cm处形成一个凹谷。灰菜（Chenopodium album L.）、小麦（Triticum Sativum Lam）、冰草（Agropyron cristatum（L.）Gaertu）,裸大麦（Hordeum vulgare varnudum（Ard.）Hook）、燕麦（Avenasativa L.）、苦马豆（Sphaerophysa salsula（Pall.）DC）、紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）和芦苇（Phragmites communis Trin）等八种牧草中的铀浓度由高(1.48×10^-3mg/kg干重)至低(0.05×10^-3mg/kg干重),依次递减。在羊肉和羊骨中铀的浓度分别为:（0.48～1.86）×10^-6mg/kg鲜重,均值0.89×10^-6mg/kg鲜重,和（3.60～16.20）×10^-6mg/kg鲜重,均值9.90×10^-6mg/kg鲜重。牛肉、骨和骆驼肉、骨混合样中铀浓度分别为7.54×10^-6mg/kg鲜重和3.35×10^-6mg/kg鲜重。牧草来自土壤表层（0～30cm）铀的转移系数CT₁,最高是灰菜,为2.98×10^-4;其次是小麦,为2.79×10^-4,二者十分接近;最小的是芦苇,为2.67×10^-5。说明各种牧草自土壤中吸收铀的能?更多还原

【Abstract】 The concentration of natural uranium in soil, forage grass, ox, sheep and camel at Jiuquan area was determined, and the data were analyzed. Its natural distribution under equilibrium and the transfer from the soil to the forage grass then to the animal body were studied. The results show that the uranium concentration in soil was decreasing from 3. 09mg/kg to 2. 36mg/kg(corresponding to the surface to 30 cm),then increasing to 2. 82mg/kg (corresponding to 100 cm), so the lowest was at the depth of 30 cm. The descending order of concentration in eight kind of forage grasess is Chenopodium album L. , Triticum Sativum Lam, Agropyron cristatum ( L. ) gaertu, Hordeum vulgare var nudum ( Ard. ) Hook, Avenasativa L. , Sphaerophysa salsula (Pall. )DC, Medicago sativa L. and phragmites communis Trin, i. e. from the highest 1. 48 X 10-3mg/kg to the lowest 0. 051 X 10-3mg/kg. The U concentration in mutton was (0. 48-1. 86) X 10-6 mg/kg and the average was 0. 89 X 10-6mg/kg, in sheep bone was (3. 60-16. 20) X 10-6mg/kg and the average was 9. 9X 10-6mg/kg. The concentration of uranium in the mixed sample of beef and ox bone was 7. 54 X 10-6mg/kg, and in the camel meat and bone was 3. 35 X 10-6mg/kg. The uptake of uranium from soil by the forage grass varies with the amount of U in the soil, the type of soil and grass species. The transfer coefficients CT1 of uranium from soil surface layer,i. e. 0 to 30 cm, to forage grass were 2. 98 X 10-4for Chenopodium album L. ,2. 79 X 10-4 for Triticum sativum Lam and 2. 67 X 10-5for Phragmites communisTrin respectively. The coefficients CT2 of U from the forage grass to ox, sheep and camel body were 7. 29X 10-3-1. 44X 10-1for sheep bone, 5. 10X 10-3-1. 25X l0-1for the mixed sample of beef and ox bone, 2. 26X 10-3-5. 5X 10-2 for the mixed sample of camel meat and bone and 2. 45 X 10-5-2. 41 X l0-4for mutton respectively. The same results were obtained for eight kind of forage grasses.更多还原