【摘要】 利用杂交授粉后子房离体培养的方法克服了白菜与甘蓝的种间不亲和性,并获得二倍体和四倍体的杂种后代。对杂种后代进行形态观察、核型研究、同工酶分析和回交试验。杂种后代的形态性状介于两亲本之间,较偏向父本。二倍体杂种有明显的生长优势,根尖细胞染色体数为19。四倍体杂种生长发育较迟缓,根尖细胞染色体数为38。杂种后代过氧化物酶同工酶表现为“偏母本的互补型”,并在二倍体杂种中出现新的酶带。杂种后代高度不育,用白菜花粉回交二倍体杂种有低度的育性,用甘蓝花粉回交则不育。回交试验与同工酶分析的结果给我们以启示,应是由于杂种细胞质基因作用的结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 By meams of in vitro culture of pollinated pistils we overcame the sterility in the interspecific cross between Brassica pekinensis Rupr. and B. oleraceavar.capitata L. and obtained diploid and tetraploid offspring. And we made comprehensive studies about their morphology, kar-yograms, analysis of isoenzymes and the fertility in back cross. The morphology of F₁ hybrids was intermediate between their parents with a tendency to male parent. The diploid hybrids showed evident hybrid vigor, while the tetraploid hybrid was not so vigorous. The chromosome numbers of diploid and tetraploid hybrids were 19 and 38 respectively. The isoenzyme analysis of peroxidases in the hybris showed a matroclinal complementation and an additional band in diploid hybrids. These hybrids were highly infertile. The diploid hybrids displayed a low fertility while back crossed to its female parent-Brassica pekinensis and was sterile while back crossed to its male parent. The results of isoenzyme analysis and the result of back cross implied that the cytoplasm of the hybrids might play an important role in these connections.更多还原