【摘要】 景观格局变化的主要原因在于外界的干扰作用,其显著变化具有3种典型类型。本文对景观格局的研究,采用了几种计测指标:(1)各类嵌块体的数目和面积大小;(2)嵌块体的转移矩阵;(3)嵌块体的优势度指数;(4)景观的多样性指数。研究结果表明,沈阳西部景观在经历了30年的变化后,变得更加破碎,出现了较多的块状和岛状嵌块体。景观基质发生了改变,城市化现象较为明显,土地利用的经济效益也有所提高。但由于人口的剧增,人均土地面积在不断减少,荒地开发殆尽,这预示着土地承载能力的饱和与危机的开端。更多还原

【Abstract】 Spatial pattern of landscape is a central issue in landscape ecology research. The main reason of variation of landscape pattern owes to the external disturbance. There are three remarkable variations of landscape pattern:(a)a landscape element becomes a new matrix in place of former matrix;(b) landscape proportions among several landscape elements changed; (c) a new landscape element is arisen in the landscape system. Landscape pattern was studied in this paper with following quanta indexes:(1) number and size of patches, (2) transition matrix of patches, (3) dominance indexes of patches, (4) the diversity index of landscape.The results show that in the west suburbs of Shenyang, landscape is becoming more and more fragmentary throughout 30 years. There are many patches plot or island-liked in the landscape. Landscape matrix has changed, the west suburbs of Shenyang is urbanized remarkably. Economical benefits of land use has increased. With the population growth, average land area per person has constantly decreased. The unused land hardly left. This means that the capacity of land will be saturated, predicting land crisis is coming.更多还原