【摘要】 1987年10月—1988年6月期间,以草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idellus）ZC-7901细胞株和1龄稚鱼作实验材料,选5种金属盐和4种农药作水体环境的污染物,对培养细胞和稚鱼进行处理,观察培养细胞和鱼体内肾细胞SCE的变化。结果表明:在每毫升培养基中分别含有104×10^-7mg的Cr⁶⁺,112×10^-7mg的Cd²⁺,74.9×10^-7mg的As³⁺,20l×l0^-6mg的Hg²⁺,207×10^-4mg的Pb²⁺及216×10^-4mg的敌百虫等污染物,都能诱使培养细胞的SCE明显增加;稚鱼在每升分别含有15×10^-7g的Cr⁶⁺,15×10^-7g的Cd²⁺,13×10^-7g的Hg²⁺的池水中喂养40天后,体内肾细胞的SCE也见增加;但是三环唑、甲胺磷、呋喃丹对细胞的SCE没有影响。本文认为,能够引起草鱼SCE变化的污染物的浓度,应该作为今后制定水质标准的参考;同时,草鱼培养细胞和体内肾细胞SCE的检测技术,可以发展成为一种监测水体环境污染的检测系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 During Oct. 1987-Jun 1988, cell strain ZC-7901 and kidney cells in vivo of one-year juveniles of Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) were used as experimental material, 5 metal ions and 4 pesticides as river system environmental pollutants were applied to the cultured cells and juveniles, the chromosome samples of cultured cells and kidney cells in vivo were prepared, then the changes of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) were observed. The results showed:(1) A millilitre medium contained 104× 10-7mg Cr6+ or 112 × 10-7mg Cd2+, 74.9 × 10-7’mg As3+,201 ×10-6mg Hg2+,207×10-4mg Pb2+,216 × 10-4mg Dipterex, respectively, which could induce the SCE of cultured cells to be increased, and the breeding water contained 15×10~7g Cr6+ or 15 ×10-7g Cd2+, 13 × 10-7g Hg2+, per litre respectively, SCE of the juveniles’ kidney cells in vivo were also increased, while Tricyluzole, Methamidophos and Carbofunan could not.(2) Because of the vast breeding scope of Grass carp, the materials were drawn Conveniently, and the methods of detecting SCE were simple, the cultured cells and the kidney cells in vivo were sensitive, hence the Grass carp could be considered as the experimental materials to monitor the extent of river system pollution.(3) Nowaday, in river, lakes, ponds and other river system of towns and countrysides,some pollutants, such as metal ions and pesticides were applied by this article, could be frequently high enough to induce SCE appearing. So it was suggested that we consider the factors of affecting SCE, while detefming the standard of evaluting water quality and monitoring the environmental pollution of river system. Thus a kind of detecting system could be developed, which applied the changes of SCE of the cells in vitro and in vivo of Grass carp to monitor the water pollution.更多还原