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无棘额蚤的养殖及其一龄幼虫破卵器形态

Laboratorial Breeding of Frontopsylla aspiriformis and Morphologic Observation on the Egg Buster of the First Instar Larvae

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【作者】 王治军李明立

【Author】 Wang Zhi-jun, Li Min-li (Qinghai Institute of Endemic Disease Control, Xining)

【机构】 青海省地方病防治研究所青海省地方病防治研究所 西宁西宁

【摘要】 无棘额蚤(Frontopsylla aspiniformis Liu & Wu,1960)是达乌尔鼠兔(Ochotona daurica Pallas,1776)的主要寄生蚤,数量多,繁殖力强,人工养殖在温度19~21℃、相对湿度68~76%,幼虫饲以猪血粉的条件下,各发育期分别为:卵期2~8天、幼虫期16~27天(结茧率约为66.2%),蛹期(包括前蛹期)19~25天(羽化率约为75.4%),从卵—幼虫—蛹—成虫的变化发育历时为38~44天,雌雄之比为2.1:1.0.温度在12~14℃,相对湿度在72~86%,卵期5~1O天,幼虫期约为41~83天(结茧率均为74.9%),蛹期(包括前蛹期)60天(羽化率约为64.7%),从卵—幼虫—蛹—成虫变态发育约为120~151天,雌雄之比为1.2:1.0,羽化次序雌先于雄,两组温湿度的不同变态期也有很大差异,一龄蚤幼破卵器正面观呈鞋底状,前半部较宽,前端钝圆;后半部略小于前端,孵化刺发达,位于破卵器前1/3处,期顶端尖锐,并明显向前突出。

【Abstract】 Frontopsylla aspini formis, which is the main parasitic flea on Ochotona daurica Pallas, was experimentally bred by feeding the larvae with pig blood powder at temperatures of 19-21℃ and relative humidities of 68-76%.Durations of developmental stages were: egg stage 2-8 days, larvae, 16-27 days and pupa stage 19-25 days with an emergence rate about 25.4%. The complete life cycle from egg to adult took 38-44 days. Ratio of female to male was 2.1:1.0. Under the condition of 12-14℃ and 72℃6% relative humidities, durations of egg, larvae and pupa (including prepupa) were 5-10, 41-83, and 80 days, respectively. The complete life cycle was about 120-151 days, sex ratio was 1.2F:1.0M. Female emerged earlier than male. Metamorphic periods were significantly different at different temperatures and humidities. The facade ofthe egg buster of first instar larvae had a shape of a sole, its front, being bluntly circular, wasslightly wider than the rear part. The incubation acantha, located on the first third of the egg buster, was well developed with a sharp and forward protruding top.

  • 【文献出处】 地方病通报 ,Endemic Disease Bulletin , 编辑部邮箱 ,1990年01期
  • 【被引频次】2
  • 【下载频次】17
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