【摘要】 狼尾草属许多种为优良牧草,其多年生种中多有孤雌现象存在。孤雌生殖株胚的发育源于珠心组织细胞,胚珠中有两个以上的多胚囊形成,胚乳的发育为胚的分裂、分化所必需。兼性孤雌生殖受微效多基因控制,并受环境因素的影响,专性孤雌生殖受少数主效基因控制。孤雌生殖特性应用于育种中,能大大加速育种进程,降低种子生产成本、固定杂种优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Most species in Pennisetum Rich. are promising grasses. The phenomenon of apomixis exists in certain speces of the genus. The embryo with apomixis plants develops from an unreduced egg in embryo sac derived from a nucellr cell. Multiple embryo sacs are formed within one ovule. Pseudogamy is essential for the development of apomitic embryo. It was stated that apomixis is genetically controlled. Genetic basis for obligate and its identification are described in this review. The achievement in using apomixis in farage breeding may fasten breeding programs and make heterosis applicable and feasible.更多还原