【摘要】 用5个粳型光敏核不育系和5个恢复系配制24个组合（缺失一个组合）,单行种植,重复3,,按NCⅡ设计,估算配合力和有关方差,并按逐步剔除法作通径分析.结果表明,对单株产量贡献大的性状依次为每穗实粒数、单株有效穗、千粒重和结实率.就一般配合力而言,₇₀₀₁S、₆₀₈₅S、轮回422的单株谷重,每穗实粒数的一般配合力效应最高,所配组合的产量及实粒数也高.M₁₀₅S、皖恢9号的有效穗一般配合力及特殊配合力方差均高,所配组合易获多穗.₅₀₈₈S、M₁₀₅S、4859所配组合的千粒重高.就特殊配合力来说,单株产量特殊配合力效应最高的组合为5047×皖恢9号,其次是M₁₀₅S×培C₁₁₅,结实率的特殊配合效应最高的为₆₀₈₅S×轮回422和₇₀₀₁S×皖恢9号.从组合产量优势看,有22个组合超过鄂宜105,5个组合超过当优C堡,其中2个是₇₀₀₁S配组,3个是轮回422配组的组合.更多还原

【Abstract】 The combining ability estimation of 5 characters and stepwise pathanalysis in two-line hybrid rice （O. sativa L. ssp. sinica, or japonica）were studied in a 5×5 （4×5 or 5×4） diallel system. The stepwise pathanalysis indicated that the sequence of characters contribution to the gr-ain yield per plant were filled spikelet number per panicle>panicle nu-mber per plant>1000-grain weight>setting rate. Of all the charactersgeneral combining ability（GCA）, the grain yield per plant and filledspikelet number per panicle of 7001S, 6085S and Lun Hui422 GCA con-tributions are the largest. The panicle number per plant of M105S andWan Hui 9. GCA and variance of specifc combining ability （SCA） eff-ects accounts for much. The F₁ hybrid 1000-grain weight of 5088S, M105Sand 4859（new japonica R line）combinations is heavy. Of all the charactersSCA, the F₁ hybrid grain yield per plant of 5047S×Wan Hui 9 com-bination SCA contribution is the biggest, and M105S×Pei C115 combi-nation SCA is bigger. The F₁ hybrid setting rate of 6085S×Lun Hui422and 7001S×Wan Hui 9 combinations SCA are Larger. Among them,the yields of 22 combinations were over higher than the first conven-tional check variety（E Yi 105, local japonica variety）, the yields of 5combinations were over the second check combination （Dong You C.Bao, japonica hybrid rice of three-line）.更多还原