【摘要】 本文对1982～1987年间,我国主要江河,湖泊中天然放射性核素U,Th,²²⁶Ra和⁴⁰K进行了分析测定。给出了长江、黄河和珠江三大水系中四种核素含量水平及分布特点。 三大水系中铀含量分布,黄河:最高值为35.90×10^-2Bq/L,最低值为1.33×10^-2Bq/L,平均含量为9.20×10^-2Bq/L;长江:最高值为3.75×10^-2Bq/L,最低值为0.23×10^-2Bq/L,平均为2.00×10^-2Bq/L;珠江:最高值为2.73×10^-2Bq/L,最低值为0.30×10^-2Bq/L,平均为1.4×10^-2Bq/L。总的分布特点是黄河>长江>珠江。²²⁶Ra含量分布:黄河(1.34×10^-2)>珠江(0.94×10^-2)>长江(0.69×10^-2Bq/L)。⁴⁰K含量分布:黄河(26.72×10^-2)>长江(22.86×10^-2)>珠江(3.00×10^-2Bq/L)。几大湖泊中各核素平均含量较接近。其平均值接近长江、珠江水系的平均值,而低于黄河的平均值。但均属正常本底范围。更多还原

【Abstract】 The natural radionuclides (U,Th228,Ra and 4 0K)contents in natural waters were determined during the period of 1982-1987. 146samples of Waters were collected from Yangtze River, Yellow River, Pearl River and lakes in China. Radioactivity contents and characteristics of distributions of the radionuclides U, Th, 226Ra and 40K are given. The highest value of U contents is 35.9X 10-2 Bq/L, the lowest 1.33X10-2 Bq/L, and the average 9.20X10-2 Bq/L in Yellow River; the highest value is 3.75X l0-2Bq/L, the lowest 0. 23 X l0-2Bq/L, and the average 2.00X10-2 Bq/L in Yangtze River; the highest value is 2.73 X10-2 Bq/L, the lowest 0.30X10-2 Bq/L, and the average 1.40X10-2 Bq/L in Pearl River. The general characteristics of distributions of U in the rivers is in Yellow River>in Yangtze River>in Pearl River, The contents and dist- ributions of 226Ra and 40K are: in Yellow River (l.34X10-2 Bq/L) >in Pearl River (0.94X10-2 Bq/L) >in Yangtze River (0.69X10-2 Bq/L), for 226Ra; and for 40K, in Yellow River (26.72X10-2 Bq/L) >in Yangtze River(22.86X 10-2Bq/L) >in Pearl River (3.00X10-2 Bq/L). Natural radionuclides contents in lakas are concurrent with in the rivers. Yangtze and Pearl, but lower than in Yellow River.更多还原