【摘要】 本文研究了旧报纸在超声波作用下脱墨时浆浓,时间、pH值对脱墨浆洁净度的影响。得出的最佳值:温度55—60℃,pH5.7。实验采用CIE 1976(Lab)表色系统并结合湿氧化碳含量测定法研究了超声波,化学、机械三种方法所得浆料的洁净度及三种方法的脱墨效率。通过比较得出,超声波脱墨效率高,所得浆料光学性能好、洁净度高。光学显微镜观察和碳含量测定结果表明:超声波脱墨浆中碳含量较化学,机械脱墨浆的少。并且超声波脱墨浆手抄片的裂断长比化学脱墨的高7.0％,耐破度高26.6％,保水值高23.5％。利用红外光谱研究油墨粘结剂的一些成份在超声波处理前后变化时发现,仅超声渡处理不会使之发生皂化反应,也不会产生新的可皂化基团。此外,旧报纸贮存时间对超声波脱墨效率影响不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of consistency of slurry, irradiation time, temperature, pH on the cleanness of deinked pulps during ultrasonic deinking of waste newspaper are investigated. The process optimum values are obtained. Temperature is about 55-60℃, and pH is 5.7. The effectiveness of deinking of ultrasonic, chemical, mechanical deinked methods and the cleanness of those pulps are studied with CIE1976 (Lab) system and wet oxidation method for determination of carbon in waste paper and deinked pulp. The comparision of these deinked pulps is made to find that the effectiveness of ultrasonic deinking is the highest one, and the ultrasonic deinking has superior optical properties and cleanness. The results of observation with microscrope and determination of carbon show that there are less carbon in ultrasonic deinked pulp than in chemical and in mechanical deinked pulp; and that the breaking length, burst factor and water retention of ultrasonic deinked pulp are 7.0%, 26.6% and 23.5% respectively higher than those of chemical deinked pulp. The research with IR find that only by ultrasonic treatment neither does saponification nor new saponificable groups will take place. And storage tims of newspaper has no remarkable effect on the effectiveness of ultrasonic de-inking.更多还原