【摘要】 对玉米和小麦制粉作业环境进行了劳动卫生调查,同时测定了158名接尘工人肺通气功能。制粉作业粉尘是含有机物97%,游离SiO₂含量<1%,5μm以下粒子占90%以上的单纯谷物粉尘。空气中粉尘浓度为10.0mg/m³～53.7mg/m³（G）。73%接尘工人出现肺功能异常。肺功能指标除VC外均较对照组下降。肺功能随接尘时间延长和粉尘浓度增高而下降。肺功能障碍以阻塞型为主占91%。反映小气道功能敏感的MMEF及FEF_75～85异常检出率为66%和61%。可见,单纯谷物粉尘对肺功能损害作用不容忽视。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lung function of 158 workers exposed to corn and wheat dust and their work environment were investigated. The results demonstrated that the dust studied was a kind of pure grain dust containing organic material more than 97%, free silica less than 1% and particulates（smaller than 5μm）over 90%. The dust concentrations were 10.0mg/m³～53.7mg/m³（G）. There were 73% grain handlers with spirometic abnormalities. All the pulmonary function data examined except were significantly lower among the grain handlers than among the controls. The lung function appeared to decline as the exposure time prolonged and the dust concentration increased. The predominant abnormalities of the workers’ lung function were of obstructive（91%）. The abnormal rates for MMEF and FEF_75～85, sensitive to small airway obstruction, were 66% and 61% respectively. It concluded that the adverse effects of pure grain dust should no longer be ignored.更多还原