【摘要】 1981～1988年在广西家鸭寄生蠕虫病流行区内,对农户和鸭场放牧饲养的家鸭共105群10384羽进行实地考察、访问、粪检、药物驱虫,并剖检病鸭126只,共收集到24535条蠕虫标本(其中台湾乌龙线虫未分离计入),初步鉴定出寄生蠕虫31种,分属于15科22属,包括吸虫20种,线虫4种,绦虫5种和棘头虫2种。按感染和危害程度分:高感染率(>50％)5种,中感染率(20～50％)5种,低感染率(<20％)7种;高感染强度(>100条)6种,中感染强度(50～100条)2种,低感染强度(<50条)9种;可见到有病理性危害的8种;明显影响生长发育和体重的4种;引起人禽共患病(稻田皮炎)的病原1种—包氏毛毕吸虫(尾蚴)。本调查分析了放牧环境、日龄及营养与鸭群感染蠕虫的关系,说明在有阳性中间宿主如螺蛳、水蚤、钩虾、河虾和小鱼等孳生的稻田、池塘和浅水、死水、低温地带放牧,或捞取上述地带的水生植物饲喂的鸭群,是寄生蠕虫病的高发区,生长期幼鸭最易受到感染和危害;提出了给生长期幼鸭供给足够的动物蛋白饲料以增强鸭体对蠕虫的抵抗力,采取选择放牧或轮牧和定期进行药物驱虫的防治措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is in urgent need to understand the distribution, infection and damage of parasitic helminth in ducks raised in ricefield, pond and brook in order to set up a control program.The duck parasitic helminths of 10384 ducks in 105 groups from prevailing regions in Guangxi,ie. Nanning, Guiling, Liuzhou, Qinzhou and Yuling, were investigated by means of fecal examinetion, sites survey, intermediate host survey and the dissection of affected ducks during 1981-1988. 20 species of Trematode, 4 species of Nematode, 5 species of Cestode and 2 Acamthoce-phale were found. The infection rate of Echinostomatidae, Opisthorchiidae, Hymenolepididae, Fimbriaria fasciolaris and Auioserpens taiwans were high, that of Cotylurus cornus, Tetrameres fissipina, Prosthogonimidae,Philophthal-mus sp., Acanthocephale, Filicollis anetis and Amidostomus anseris were middle, and that of Tracheophilus cymbium, Prohyptasmus robustus, Hyptas-mus sp.,Trichobilharzia paoi, Notocotylus attenuatus, Capillaria contorta and Drepanidodaenia lanceolate were low. Ducks raised in ricefield, pond and brook where there were intermediate hosts exist, ie. snail, cyclops, gammarus, asellus aquaticus, there were high infection regions. The growing ducklings took the infection easilyThe following helminths cause patholgical lesions and impede growing,ie. Hymenolepididae, Cotylurus cornus, Echinostmatidae, Opisthorchiidae, Acan-thoce,phale, Philophthalmus sp. and Auioserpens taiwana. Their infection rate were 86%, 39.5%, 81.3%, 31.3%, 34.2%, 22% and 76.5% respectively. A Zoonosis, "Skinng inflammation of rice field",caused by cercaria of Tricho-bilharzia paoi was proved in Nanning suburbs.The control measures on helminthiasis of ducks are feeding the ducklings (3-60 days old) with the full animal protein feeds and using Anthelmintics regularly.更多还原