【摘要】 本文对辽河、河南、新疆、胜利及江汉的重质原油,以及辽河西斜坡（674—1674米）、河南井楼（309—737米）等油的重质组分胶质、沥青质及芳烃进行了核磁共振¹H 和¹³C 谱、红外光谱、分子量以及元素组成的分析。根据分析结果,比较了不同沉积环境,不同成因类型的重油及沥青质、胶质分子中的各类氢原子数和碳原子数,各种环数以及分子的缩合度(H^au/C_A)、歧化程度（B_I）、取代度（A_s）、芳碳率（f_A）、环碳率（f_N）及烷基碳率（f_P）等结构参数,可用来对重质油进行分类,并对油气成熟程度和海陆相成因进行判别。更多还原

【Abstract】 An analysis for the determination of molecular weight and elements and a study of heavy oils from Liaohe,Henan,Xinjiang,Shengli and Jianghan oil fields as well as resins,asphaltenes and aromatics from Liaohe （674-1674 m） and Henan （309-737m） oil fields by means of ¹H_NMR,¹³C_NMR and infrared septrums have been carried out.A comparison of the structural parameters, including the member of different types of H and C atoms and different aro- matic rings as well as their condensation index (H_au/C_A),branching index (B_?),the degree of substitution （As）,aromaticity,nephthenicity,alkylation of different atoms in the heavy oils,asphaltenes and resins with different type of source of formation under different depositional environments can be used to classify the heavy oils to be exploited and can be used to identify their maturity as well as its origin （marine or continental） as well.更多还原