【摘要】 本文介绍了建立在分子轨道理论基础上的能带理论的要点。并根据晶体中的能带结构较好地阐明金属导体、绝缘体和半导体的区别和联系,即:某物质如果具有部分充满电子的导带,就是金属导体;如果只有全满和全空能带的物质,就是绝缘体,如果满带和空带之间的能量差很小,彼此非常接近,在外电场的作用下某些电子容易越过禁带,从满带进入空带而形成导带,该物质就是半导体。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper presented the point of theory of energy band which based on molecular obital theory.The theory of energy band can explain better relation and distinction of metallic conductor, insulator and semiconductor.According to the band structure of crystalline solid, it resulted in a conclusion. If there are partly filled conduction bands of electrons, the subctance is a conductor; if there are only completely filled and completely empty bands, it is an insulator. If there are a small energy gap between filled and empty bands, which are so close together. Some of the electrons are able to easily jump over the forbidden band from the filled bands to the emply bands under the influence of an electric field. The energy band may be turned into the conduction band. The substance is a semiconductor.更多还原