【摘要】 膜反射系数一般可采用两种模型,即摩擦模型和孔模型描述。1974年,Anderson等人提出两种模型在形式上有差异以来,有些学者,如Nakao等人曾经对两种模型差异的原因进行过分析,但他并未指出摩擦模型较孔模型在形式上多出一项的原因。本文对此进行了较为深入的探讨,并提出多出的这一项可以用体积效应表示。最后,本文用实验数据对两种模型的适用性进行了初步探讨,认为当溶质的Stokes半径与膜孔半径之比q值较小时,用孔模型描述,而当q值较大时,则用摩擦模型描述。更多还原

【Abstract】 Membrane reflection coefficient is commonly described by two models, the friction model and the Pore model. Since 1974, Anderson et al. had pointed out that there are difference between the two models, some other experts, such as Nakao et al., had analysed the reason of the difference produced, however, they haven’t explained why the form of the friction model has one term more than pore model. This paper further investigated and discussed the reason of the difference, and suggested that the extra term in friction model can be expressed by the term of the volume effectiveness which has been just neglected in pore model. Finally, this paper invstigated and discussed the availability of the two models by means of experimental data, and found that when q (the ratio of solute Stokes radius to membrane pore radius) is small, δ can be expressed by Pore model; but, when q is not small, δ must be expressed by friction model.更多还原