【摘要】 福州市区1988年春季肝炎暴发流行,报告4169名病例,罹患率达547.1/10万。开展对6万人的流行病学调查、230对病例对照研究、618份血清研究和13份早期病人粪便与20份毛蚶提取液用EIA及免疫电镜进行HAAg检测。结果:抗-HAVIgM检出率83.66％,证实本次流行以甲型肝炎为主。流行因素可能为春节期间进食不洁的毛蚶。更多还原

【Abstract】 An outbreak of viral hepatitis A in Fuzhou city was occurred in the opring of 1988. There were 4169 cases reported with the attack rate of 547.1/100000. We have done an epidemiologic survey of 60170 population by randomized sampling method, a case—control study of 230 matehed pairs, a serological study of 618 blood sample; and an etiological study to detect HAAg in 13 fecal extacts and 20 blood clam (Arca subcrenata) extracts by mean of EIA and Immuno—electromicroscopic method. The detecting rete of anti—HAVIgM was 83.66％ (517/618), in which, single anti—HAVIgM detecting rate was 64.56％ (399/618), mix infection of Hepatitis A and B was 11.49％ (71/618). repeated infection of Hepatitis A and B was 7.61％ (47/618). The detecting rate of Hepatitis B was 5.99％ (37/618) and that of NANB was 10.36％ (64/618) The isolation of HAAG (HAV) was negative. The top of the epidemic curve was at the first ten days of March of 1988. The duration of the outbreak was two months, without the second curve. The age—specific attack rate was predominant at 20～24 age group. Sex ratio was two to one (male to femalc). Ocsupation specific attack rate was the highest in the middle school students, the next was the salesman, house—wives and the retired were the lowest. By case—control study, we found that having taken blood clams during the Spring Festival was statistically associated with the outbreak of Hepatitis A, the O.R. was equal to 6.11 O.R. 95％CI was 3.25～11.5 (P<0.001). By cross-section survey, the attack rate of those having taken blood clams was 3467.6/100000, but that of those having not taken if was 327.3, the R.R. was 10.59, Besides, the time interval between the consumption oi blood clams and, top of the, epidemic curve was coincided with the incubation period of Hepatitis A (aboutⅠmonth).更多还原