【摘要】 通过解剖对股骨距形态、结构做多方向、多层次的断面观察和显微镜观察,并测量了股骨距的长度、位置、走行和毗邻关系。证明股骨距为密质骨骨板构成的三棱柱结构。X线研究表明,显示股骨距投影的最佳方向为45°和60°。力学实验证明,剔去股骨距的股骨扭转强度降低40～50％,压缩强度降低20％左右。临床实践表明,施行股骨上端置换手术时,为避免损坏股骨距,应将小转子上方的骨质保留1.0～1.5cm。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper reports the results of studies on calcar femorale, including anatomy, roentgenology and mechanics. Shape, location, direction and relationship with peripheral bone were determined in 50 femora of adults. Microscopic studies revealed that calcar femorale is made of compact bone which can be seen on X-ray film by placing the femur in external rotation of 45°, 60° or 80°, 90°. Mechanical tests of the femur demonstrated that the bone strength decreased after calcar femorale were removed. We suggest that a segment of femoral neck of at least 1.0- 1.5cm should be kept during total hip replacement so as to preserve calcar femorale. Also, calcar femorale was not present in 24 femora of fetuses.更多还原