【摘要】 本文报道了西藏栽培大麦的分类、分布,描述了变种的形态特征及其特点,鉴定它们属于1种3亚种240变种,其中ssp.intermedium(Korn.)Hsu为国内首次发现,发现并命名新变种172个。 西藏栽培大麦具有春性、遗传多样性和控制主要遗传性状的显性基因频率高等主要特点,其基因型与西方大麦的基因型截然不同,属东方型,而东方大麦的起源中心在中国。根据作者和国内外学者近年来对青藏高原栽培和近缘野生大麦的研究结果着,中国栽培大麦和青藏高原近缘野生大麦的遗传距离最近,进而证明了青藏高原是中国栽培大麦的初生起源中心,同时也是世界栽培大麦的起源中心之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Qinghai-Tibet plateat in one of the regions of the most abundant barley resources in the world. The numbers of barley in the region possess 43.6 per cent of preserved cultivated barley and upto 97.7 per cent of related wild barley in China. After four years exploration on genetic resources of barley in Tibet, we studied fully and dee -ply the Tibetan cultivated barley from 1985 to 1987. This paper reported the classification, distribution of cultivated barley in Tibet, described the morphological characters of varieties, and they were classified into 1 species, 3 subspecies and 240 varieties, of which the ssp.intermedium (korn.) Hsu is discovered for the first time in China. 172 varieties are newly found and nominated. Thses provided the basis for the further research of classification, origin and genetic breeding of chinese cultivated barley.Tibetan cultivated barley is mainly characterized by spring type, genetic diversity and high frequencies of dominant genes governing their main genetic characters, its genotype is very different from that of West barley, belonging to East barley origaned from China. According to the latest research on genetic resources of cltivated and related wild barley in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, we indicate that the genetic distance between cultivated barley in China and related wild barley in the Qinghai Tihed plateau was shorest and further prove that the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is the primary original centre of Chinese cultivated barled and also one of the original center of cultivated barley in the world.更多还原