【摘要】 作者根据栎叶丹宁的理化特性、牛消化系统的解剖生理特点、牛栎叶中毒与酚中毒的相似程度和“生物毒化”理论,提出了“高分子栎叶丹宁生物降解产生低分子酚类化合物引起中毒”的假设,并借助纸上层析、4-氨基安替比林法、红外光谱、紫外光谱、气相色谱、电子显微镜等研究技术,采用化学的、生物化学的、病理学的、毒理学的以及临床诊断、治疗等实验方法,完成了十项实验研究,证实了“假设”。结果表明:栎叶的有毒成份是栎叶丹宁,起毒性作用的是栎叶丹宁经生物降解产生的有毒代谢产物,而不是栎叶丹宁本身。牛栎树叶中毒的实质是酚类化合物中毒。更多还原

【Abstract】 Although oak poisoning in cattle has been known for more than 300 years, its pathogenesis remains unsettled up to now. On the basis of the physical and chemical properties of oak leaf tannins, characteristics of the anatomy and physiology of the ruminant digestive system, similarity of clinical signs and pathological changes between oak leaf poisoning and phenol poisoning in cattle, and the theory of "biotoxification" , the author put forward an assumption that phenolic compounds of low molecular weight were transformed from tannins of high .molecular weight in oak leaves by degradation in the biological conditions leading to poisoning. This assumption has been proved by use of such techniques as paper chromatography, method of 4-aminoantipyrin , infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet, gas chromatography , electron microscopy, and methods of chemistry, biochemistry, pathology, toxicplogy , clinical diagnosis and experimental therapy. Based on these facts, we suggest that the poisonous constituents of the oak leaf are tannins, the main cause of poisoning in cattle are thier metabolites but not the tannins themself. The nature of oak leaf poisoning in cattle is actually a poisoning by phenolic compounds.更多还原