【摘要】 本文主要研究广东咸酸田土壤硫的基本化学性质和影响咸酸田发生演化的硫的主要化学过程,探讨土壤硫的化学状况与咸酸田诊断分类和利用改良的关系等。研究结果表明:广东咸酸田土壤含硫量极高,主要是黄铁矿（FeS₂）。在咸酸田发生过程中形成一种淡黄色新生体——黄钾铁矾[KFe₃（SO₄）₂（OH）₆]。黄铁矿等硫化物的氧化是咸酸田土壤呈强酸性的主要原因。土壤硫的化学状况特别是黄铁矿和黄钾铁矾在剖面上的分布、数量和形态等与咸酸田的发育程度和改良熟化有密切关系。土壤硫的主要来源是红树林对海水中SO₄^2-的吸收利用和富集。土壤硫化学性质对咸酸田的诊断和分类有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Acid sulfate paddy soil is one of the problem soils in Guangdong province. This study deals with the general properties of sulfur chemistry of acid sulfate paddy soils in Guangdong province. The minerals of lightly yellow mottles in acid sulfate paddy soils were analysed and identified with X-ray diffraction, and the total S, water soluble S, exchangable S, pyrite, jarosite, organic S, etc. were estimated. The data obtained showed that the S in acid sulfate soils was mostly in inorganic forms and dominated by pyrite （FeS₂）. The soils was getting acid mainly due to the oxidation of pyrite in the process of reclamation and drainage of mangrove swamp. With the planting rice by periodical irrigation-drainage, the oxidation of pyrite and formation and hydrolysis of jarosire in tile soil were promoted, resulting the decrease of pyrite and the jarosite going downwards gradually in the profile, all these facts indicate that the form, distribution and amount of S compounds, espeically pyrite and jarosite, in soil are closely related with the developmant of the acid sulfate soils. Therefore, it is suggested that the chemical properties of S in the soil could be used as an indicator in identification and classification of acid sulfate soils.更多还原