【摘要】 本文报告30例新生儿肺透明膜病尸检病例,其中9例肺组织作了电镜观察,并讨论发病病因。新生儿肺透明膜病(Hyaline membrane disease)又称新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(IRDS),多见于早产儿及低体重儿,临床表现为出生后不久出现进行性呼吸困难、紫绀和呼吸衰竭等。病理以肺泡壁及细支气管壁附着嗜伊红性透明膜和肺不张为特征。我室于1982～1986年在106例新生儿尸检中有新生儿肺透明膜病30例(28.3%),居死因首位。我们将此30例尸检资料整理分析,并对其中9例肺组织作了电镜观察。更多还原

【Abstract】 30 Cases of neonatal hyaline membrane disease were observed by light micro-scopy,9 cases of which by electron microscopy.The main pathological changes were the formation of hyaline membrane.Mean-while,atelectasls,lung fluid and interstitial or intraalveolar hemorrhage could beseen.Under electron microscopy,the alveoli contained amorphous cottonlike materialof varying amounts,intermingled with necrotic cells and cellular debris.Type Ⅰal-veolar cells presented retrograde changes of varying degrees.Type Ⅱ alveolar cellsshowed vacant changes or presented retrograde and lamellated bodies decrease.Thevascular endothelium was damaged severer than alveolar epithelium.Some of thebasement membrane showed thickening of lamina densa,some showed unevenness ofthickness in which electron-dense material deposition could be seen.As to the pathogenesis of neonatal hyaline membrane disease most authors consi-dered the absence of surfactants,and is relation with the abnormality of congenitalimmune function will depend on further study.更多还原