【摘要】 轻烃溶剂在超临界条件下溶解脱沥青油的能力与其密度有关。控制超临界状态下的压力和温度,可以完成溶剂的分离与循环。以丙烷为例,在比容固定的前提下,不同的抽提温度有不同的分离途径可供选择。从丙烷的压焓图上计算了单一升温、单一节流降压以及升温与降压适当组合等各种分离溶质并循环使用溶剂的途径的有效能总损耗量,比较并评价了它们的用能合理性。对其它轻烃或轻烃溶液,由于有效能损耗与分离条件之间函数关系的不单调性,需要用最优化方法来解决。更多还原

【Abstract】 The solubiliy of deasphalted oil in light hydrocarbon at supercritical state has relation to solvent density. The solvent can be separated and circulated by controlling pressure or/and temperature at supercritical condition. Taking propane for example, on the base of given specific volume, there are various separations for different extraction temperatures. On conditions of rising temperature, reducing pressure by throttle solely and the combination process of rising temperature with reducing pressure total wastage of available energy for separating solute and circulating propane were calculated with P-H figure of propane. The consuming available energies were compared with each other. For other light hydrocarbon or it’s solution, the function relationship between wastage of available energy and separation condition is not monotonous and optimum method is necessary on same condition.更多还原