【摘要】 微量的铬元素能提高植物体酶(过氧化酶,多酚氧化酶)的活性,增加植物体叶绿素和葡萄糖含量。但是过量的铬,特别是六价铬,易穿透生物膜而危害动、植物。通过调查和测定,上海市农业环境中铬的背景含量为:土壤64.6±10.37ppm、麦粒0.11±0.036ppm、糙米0.097ppm。也了解了上海地区近年来农业环境中铬的含量状况。上海地区水域中铬有一定范围的污染,但程度较轻,一般都在农灌水质标准之内。近郊蔬菜农田有不同程度的污染,但也处在轻污染范围之内,极少出现中污染现象。植物中铬含量较低,基本上未发现污染样品。但局部地区的水和土壤中的铬出现了较高的检出值。本文叙述了土壤中铬含量与植物中铬含量之间的关系,并为防止和控制农业环境中铬污染提供了一些依据和方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chromium（Cr） is one of microelements. A trace of Cr contained in plant could improve the activity of enzymes（peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase）, as well as increase chlorophyll and glucose content. However excessive Cr espcially Cr⁶⁺, tend to penetrate biological membrane and injure plants or animals.According to the surveying and test, background Cr contents of agricultultural environment in the suburbs of Shanghai were as fllows: Cr contents in soil, wheat grain and brown rice were 64.6±10.37ppm, 0.11±0.036ppm and 0.097ppm, respectively. The wide waters in Shanghai region were polluted by Cr to a certain extent, polluting level was little higher than the value in drinking water standard but lower than the value in irrigation water standard. The vegatable fields in the environs of Shanghai were also polluted by Cr to a certain degree, though the pollution observed was only slight, and middling pollution was infrequent. Cr contents in crops tested were very low, no polluted samples were found yet.This paper also discussed the relationship between Cr contents in soils and Cr contents in plants, and presented some bases and methods of preventing and controlling Cr pollution in agricultural environment.更多还原