【摘要】 本文从实验上研究液体的表面张力及粘度对矩形水槽中非传播孤立波的影响。实验表明,表面张力使孤波的宽度减小,高度增加。生成孤波液体的表面张力系数存在一个上限值,低于这个上限值,才能生成孤波。表面张力系数越小,越趋近于Larraza和Putterman的理论结果。我们的实验结果与Miles的理论结果作了一些对比,发现:在定性方面,理论与实验基本相符;在定量方面则有许多差异。生成孤波的最小驱动振幅,不但受到粘度的影响,而且受到槽壁对液体吸附作用的影响。孤波的频率略大于固有频率。孤波的频率范围随槽宽的增加而减小。更多还原

【Abstract】 This is an experiment description on the effects of surface-tension and liquid viscosity to the non-propagating surface-ware solutions in a rectangular water channel. The experiment shows: the width of the surface-wave solutions narrowed and the heigth incresed by the surface-tension. Coefficient of the surface-tension of the solitary wave generated has an upper limit; the solitary wave can be generated only when its coefficient is lower than the limit. The smaller the coefficient, the shape of the wave approaches more closely to the theory of larraza and putterman. To some extent, when comparing our experiment result to Mile’s theory, we find: qualitatively, conformity exists between theory and practice; but quantita-tively, many differences still exist. The driving mininum amplitude that generates the wave is effected not only by viscosity but also by surface pinning at wall. The frequency of the solitary wave is slight higher than the frequency when free-running. The range of frequency of the solitary wave decreases while the width of the channel increases.We have made a few corrections to the theoretical conclusions of A. Larraza, Putterman and Miles on the bisis of the experiment presented in this paper.更多还原