【摘要】 聚氯乙烯(PVC)是一种价格低、来源广、性能好的膜材料。本文报道了用PVC、有机溶剂和有机添加剂组成的铸膜液制成的PVC非对称超滤膜。在2.5 kg/cm~2操作压力下,该膜对牛血清蛋白的截留率达90％以上,纯水通量为300～700l/m~2·h。讨论了铸膜液中PVC含量及分子量、添加剂及第二添加剂含量以及铸膜液温度等“溶液结构”因素对膜性能的影响,并考察了膜的形态。更多还原

【Abstract】 Asymmetric PVC UF membrane prepared from casting solution which consisted of PVC, organic solvents and organic additives was studied, Its retention for bovine serum albumin could reach above 90%, and its flux attain 300—700 l/m~2·h at operating pressure of 2.5 kg/cm~2. In accordance with Sourirajan and Matsuura’s opinion, casting, solution structure and desolvation rate jointly control the structure and performance of membrane, the effects of the"solution structure", including the concentration and molecular weight of PVC, the content of additives and secondary additives in casting solution, and the temperature of casting solution, etc., on membrane performance were investigated. Also, the corresponding morphology of the membrane was examined. The results from our study, together with PVC’s advantages, for example, commercially available, inexpensive, and excellent acid, alkali, hydrolysis and bacteriological resistance, prove that PVC is one of promising membrane materials.更多还原