【摘要】 用三种不同的方法分别对聚乙烯醇膜进行交联改性,这三种方法为热交联、氢氧化钠交联及加入N,N′-甲叉双丙烯酰胺之后辐照交联。改进了的聚乙烯醇膜在分离水-乙醇混合物时,表现了较好的渗透气化性能。当水在混合物中含量为80%,温度为30℃时,透过速率可达800g/m²·hr,分离系数α_H2O/E tOH=10。在不同温度之下分离实验的基础之上,分别求出了水、乙醇的透过活化能,结果表明混合物中水的活化能要比纯水的活化能大10KJ/mol以上,表明了乙醇的存在增加了水透过膜的阻力。更多还原

【Abstract】 To improve the performance of polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） membrane used for separating mixtures of water-ethanol（H₂O-EtOH）,a process of three methods of heat-crosslinking, sodium hydroxide crosslinking and radiation-crosslinking after addition of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide to PVA was investigated. The cross-linked PVA membranes showed fine performances in separating mixture of water with ethanol. The permeability rate Q was about 800g/m²·hr, and the separation coefficent α for H₂O/EtOH was equal to 10 at condition of the concentration of H₂O in the mixture was 80% and temperature was 30℃. The permeation activation energy of water and ethanol were calculated respectively on the basis of pervaporation experiments in various temperature.The permeation activation energy of water in the, mixture with ethanol was 10KJ/mol greater than that of pure water.In other words, the presence of ethanol in the mixture increase resistance of water to permeate the membrane.更多还原