【摘要】 本文以油松毛虫(Dendrolimus tabulaeformis Tsai et Liu)幼虫为材料,采用频次分布X~2检验法和分布型指数法测定种群空间格局,并提出了研究种群空间格局的新模型和新的拟合方法:(1)m~*-m幂的法则(另文发表);(2)用刀切法估计种群分布型指数;(3)用麦夸方法最优拟合Taylor幂的法则和新的模型。通过频次分布X~2检验法和分布型指数法测定结果表明:油松毛虫幼虫的静态空间格局为负二项分布;其空间格局的基本成份为疏松个体群;个体群的分布是聚集型,但在低密度时呈现为均匀型;个体群内个体的分布为随机型;个体群的平均大小介于40—60之间。通过新模型m~*-m幂的法则拟合结果表明:当Iwao m~*—m迥归模型中的α<0,β>1时,新模型测定油松毛虫幼虫种群的静态空间格局为聚集型,其聚集度则随着密度的升高而增加。用刀切法估计种群分布型指数,可以减小估计的偏离度,并给出近似的区间估计值。用麦夸方法拟合Taylor幂的法则和新模型,可以求得原变量的最小残差解,使其幂函数得到最优参数的估计值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Spatial patterns of Chinese-pine caterpillar(Dendrolimus tabulaefor-mis Tsai et Liu)were measured by Chi square test of frequency distri-bution and distribution indies.And also new mathematical model and afew of new fit methods on the research of spatial pattern are presented,its includes:(1)m~*—m power law;(2)Jackknifing method is introducedfor estimating the population distribution indices;(3)Marquardt’s algo-rithm is applied to the fitting Taylor’s power law and the new model. By the Chi square test of frequeucy distribution and distribution in-dices,the result have shown that follow:The spatial pattern of chinese-pine caterpillar larve obeys the negative Binomial distribution;The basiccomponent of spatial pattern is loose colony;The distribution of loose co-lony is aggregated but is uniform at lower density;The intra-colony dis-tribution is random;The mean size of colony is between 40—60. By testing of the new model,m~*—m power law,it concludes that:When α<0.β>1 in Iwao’s reg ression model,the statically spatial pat-tern of Chinese-pine caterpillar is aggregated,and its aggregation increasesas density increase. Estimating the distribution indices with jackknifing method can red-uce the bias of estimation give the approximatively fiducial interual.Th-erefore it may overcome the defaults of common used method. Fitting Taylor’s power law and the new model with Marquardt’s al-gorithm is better than the usual logarithm linear transform fitting me-thod.更多还原