【摘要】 卧龙自然保护区位于东经102°52′—103°24′,北纬30°45′—31°25′。据1980—1983年的调查材料,该自然保护区的天牛共有45属、73种,其中,东洋种47种,占64.4％;古北种10种,占13.7％;广布种5种,占6.8％;特有种11种,占15.1％。从区系组成上看,这个地区似位于东洋区与古北区的过渡带上,并且有靠近东洋区的趋势。高道蓉等(1981)在对峨嵋山(东经103°20′,北纬29°31′)白蚁区系的研究中也认为,峨嵋山位于这条过渡带上。然而,这两个地区的地带性植被、气侯和昆虫组成都与古北区迥然不同,而且,这两个地区的古北种都分布在高海投带上。因此,卧龙自然保护区应属东洋区;昆虫的地理区划主要应以地带性植被、气侯和昆虫组成为依据。 卧龙天牛的垂直分布可分为四个带:(1)亚热带常绿阔叶林带(海拔1120—1600米);(2)常绿、落叶阔叶混交林带(海拔1600—2000米);(3)针、阔叶混交林带(海拔2000—2600米);(4)亚高山针叶林带(海拔2600—3600米)。第1带(基带)东洋种占88.9％,没有古北种;第2带东洋种占50％,古北种占14.3％;第3带东洋种占44.4％,古北种占33.3％;第4带全部为古北种。与中国东部的植被相似,天牛分布每向上移一个垂直带,其成员在水平上也向北移一个带。研究结果还表明,在水平方向分布广的种类在垂直方向也表现更多还原

【Abstract】 Wolong Nature Reserve is located at 102°52’-103°24’E and 30°45’-31°25’ N. Based on the data from 1980-1983, its cerambycid fauna is composed of 45 genera and 73 species, which contains Oriental species (47 species, about 64.4%) ; Palaearctic species (10 species, about 13.7%) ; Widely-distributed species (5 species, about 6.8%); Endemic species(11 species, about 15.1%) . From the faunistical composition, this area seems to be situated in the transitional zone from Oriental Region to Palaearctic Region, with an inclination to the former. Studies on the termite fauna of Omei Mount (103°20’E, 29°31’N) by Gao (1981) also gave the same conclusion. However, horizontal zone vegetation, climates and insects of these two areas are all quite different from those of Palaearctic Region and all of their Palaearctic species are distributed in higher altitudinal belts. These Palaearctic species might be glacial relicts from Quaternary period. It is indicated that Wolong Nature Reserve should belong to the Oriental Region, and geographical division of Insects should be mainly based on horizontal zone vegetation, climates and insect composition.The longicorn beetles of Wolong are distributed into four belts by vertical zonation. (1) belt of subtropic evergreen broadleaved forest (alt. 1120-1600m. ) , (2) belt of evergreen and deciduous broadleaved mixed forest (alt. 1600-200m. ) , (3) belt of coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest (alt. 2000-2600m. ) and (4) belt of coniferous forest (alt. 2600-3600m. ) . About 88.9% of species in the first belt belong to Oriental ones and none to Palaearctic ones; 50% Oriental and 14.3% Palaearctic in the second; 44.4% Oriental and 33.3% Palaearctic in the third; 100% Palaearctic without Oriental in the fourth. It is suggested that horizontally, species with wide distribution are widely-distributed vertically, such as widely-distributed species above, and vice versa, such as Oriental, Palaearctic and endemic species, of which about 90% of endemic species are only distributed in any one of the altitudinal belts.In this paper, the origin and evolution of Wolong cerambycid fauna are discussed. According to the authors’ point of view, the main factors which effect the origin and evolution of the fauna in this area are (1) changes in landforms and climates throughout geologic time and (2) alternation of glacial and interglacial eras during Quaternary period. It was during Late Triassic to Tertiary period that on the sea or lake coast was Wolong, where the climates were warm and humid (fig. 4) . Similar to the results from plant faunistical survey (Zhong, 1979) , Wolong was one of the centers where many of predominately warm-climatic cerambycid taxa in S. W. China might be evolved. With the changes in climates before Quaternary and land-forms throughout geologic time, Wolong obtained immigrants from Indo-Ma-layan and South of Sino-Himalayan Areas. These immigrants continued to evolve together with Wolong endemic components. It was from Quaternary period that Wolong also obtained the immigrants from Euro-Siberian and North of Sino-Himalayan Areas. The modern Wolong cerambycid fauna, therefore, has evolved from(l)Indo-Malayan components; (2)Sino-Himalayan ones; (3) Euro-Siberian ones and (4) Endemic ones.更多还原