【摘要】 多数碳酸盐岩地层中的间断面,曾经是一个群峰簇拥、孤峰耸立的古喀斯特地形,某些特定元素随之积聚而形成现今的矿床.贵州中部地区,自早奥陶世以后,由南往北逐渐进入到受古风化营力作用的地质历史时期,使其尚未完全石化的裸露基岩受风化和侵蚀.而当时裸露面积最广的寒武碳酸盐岩层形成了千姿百态的古喀斯特地貌.本文作者在观察和描述古喀斯特各个体地貌形态的基础上,将贵州中部地区早石炭世古地貌划分为五个一级单元和八个二级单元。同时,对古风化壳类型就其物质组成.剖面结构、变异规律等特征,归纳为CL、CF、CC、CA、PL、PC、Sc和PD等八种类型。从而推导出,本区铝土矿床受古喀斯特溶蚀盆地和溶蚀洼地所控制,并取源于CL型和PL型古风化壳。铁矿是古喀斯特溶蚀准平原的产物,直接取源于CF型古风化壳或由CL型,CF型古风化壳经准原地再堆积而成.据此,铝土矿床形成于CL、PL型古风化壳生成和发育的早石炭世;而铁矿实际上产于最终形成CF型古风化壳的泥盆纪.更多还原

【Abstract】 Nature, lika a skilful craftsman, has been carving the earthis surface all the time either in the past or at present. The central area of Guizhou had gone through about 150 million years’ weathering and eroding before the early Carboni-ferous and the specifie palaeokarst landscape and karst alumino-ferric deposits were formed there. And on their surface was formed a wonderful pattern by all kinds of palaeoweathering crusts. As palaeokarstification can help form rich mineral resourcex, it has now become a very important studying subject.更多还原