【摘要】 本文用谐波分析方法,对北半球30,50和100hPa等压面上各纬圈各月的1—3波振幅作了计算。分析表明,无论是30,50或100hPa,也无论是1,2或3波,从分纬圈看,其振幅都从低纬到高纬增大,并以50—70°N振幅为最大。从分月看,冬季月份的振幅都是5—10倍地大于夏季月份。无论从分月或分纬圈看,波1加波2的振幅占波1—4总和的主要成份,尤其是波1。夏季不仅对流层100hPa在30—40°N出现最大值带,而且50和30hPa的1波和50hPa的2波,也出现次大值带,这使人联想到青藏高压夏季在平流层内的影响。分析表明,如果我们用平流层各波振幅的减增来表征由冬到夏或相反的转变,那么前者的转变在3到4月,后者一般在8到9月,这样平流层的季变比对流层季变要早一个月以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using the harmonic analysis method, we’ve calculated the amplitude of wave 1-3 of each latitude at 30, 50 and 100hPa level from Jan. to Dec. over the northern hemisphere. The, result shows that the amplitude of all the wave 1, 2 and 3 increases with latitude at each level and the maximum is in the belt of 50-70°N latitude; All amplitude of winter are 5-10 times that of Summer.The sum of amplitude of wave 1 and wave 2 occupies the mains of the sum of wave 1-4, especially wave 1 plays an important role in it.In summer, not only the maximum amplitude appears in 30-40°N latitude at 100 hPa level in troposphere but also "the secondary maximum amplitude" of wave 1 appears in 30-40°N latitude at 50 and 30 hPa and "the secondary maximum amplitude" of wave 2 appears at 50 hPa level in the stratosphere; It associates that the influence of Qinghai-Xizang High on the stratosphere.If we character the seasonal transition from winter to summer and the reversal with the increase and decrease of the amplitude of each wave in the stratospheve then the former occurs from March to April, the latter occurs from August to Sept., so the seasonal transition of the stratosphere is more than one month earlier than the troposphere.更多还原