【摘要】 <正> 微核测定被誉为染色体畸变快速测定方法。Countryman和Heddle创立的人外周血培养淋巴细胞微核测定法,提示可能用来估算人的受照剂量。国内外学者都证实了上述作者的结果,发现不论是X线、中子或⁶⁰CO γ线,在一定剂量范围内,其诱发的微核率均和受照剂量呈现很好的线性关系。我们还在狗和家兔身上首次发现动物整体照射与血标本离体照射诱发的微核率基本更多还原

【Abstract】 The micronucleus assay has been considered as a fast method for determination ofthe chromosome aberration. It was shown in our earlier study that the micronucleusfrequency was increased with the radiation doses in certain range, no matter what theradiation source is （x-rays, γ-rays and neutron）. We proved firstly that micro-nucleus frequency induced by irradiation between in vivo and in vitro coincided well.That was the evidence for extrapolation value of the radiation dose in human frommicronucleus graduated curve in vitro. Furthermore we got good result when it wasused in a patient exposured accidently. This case was as follows: Mr. Wang, male, was irradiated by ⁶⁰Coγ-rays in an accident on 1st September,1980. The frequency of micronuclei was found 87‰ 2.5 hrs after irradiation in cultu-red blood. The table showed the dose-response relationship from 4 healthy blood donorsin vitro. The curve could be described by a linear-quadratic model Y=4.0271+15.3024 X （Y--micronucleus frequency, ‰; X--irradiation doses, Gy） with the doserange from 0.2 to 6 Gy, the correlation coeffecient r=0.994. From this model, weestimated that the irradiated dose received by this patient was 5.42 Gy. It was closeto the dose from either physical calculation （5.22 Gy）, or chromosome aberration, orother biological dosimeter. We consider the micronucleus assay can be used comletelyas a biological dosimeter for patients exposured by higher dose. Although the sensiti-vity is less than that of chromosome aberration, it is less time-consuming, less expen-sive procedure and very useful to examine the large number of samples, especially inthe nuclear accident.更多还原