【摘要】 天然竹子纤维增强树脂复合材料是利用自然资源,采用先进复合材料的层压工艺制成,是一种性能良好的,可应用的结构材料,已发表的研究竹/树脂的工作很少。本工作从宏观和微观实验两方面研究竹/环氧单向不同层数复合材料层板的拉伸、压缩、弯曲,层间剪切等力学性能,确定了各项力学参数,并对竹纤维与囊素以及树脂基体在不同载荷条件下的微观结构进行了观察与分析。结果表明竹/环氧复合材料的比强度、比刚度很好。比强度为低碳钢的3—4倍,力学性能与普通玻璃纤维增强复合材料相当。采用声发射技术和扫描电镜动态加载试验,监测竹子/环氧复合材料的损伤破坏。破坏型式随加载条件而不同,竹纤维增强复合材料的力学行为破坏机理与玻璃纤维,碳纤维增强复合材料相近。从竹子的微观结构看到它是有规则的很合理的一种天然复合材料,加上树脂基体提高了力学性能并能解决了纯竹的干裂,虫蛀等问题,而且竹/树脂可压制加工成不同厚度和形状的层合板,适应不同的结构使用,因而具有广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Bamboo reinforced epoxy possesses reasonably good properties to warrant its use as a structural material, and is fabricated by utilizing bamboo, an abundant natural resource, in the technology of fibre composites. Literature on bamboo/plastics composites is rare. This work is an experimental study of unidirectional bamboo/epoxy laminates of varying laminae number, in which tensile, compressive, flexural and interlaminar shear properties are evaluated. Further, the dispesition of bamboo fibre, the parenchymatous tissue, and the resin matrix under different loading conditions are examined. Our results show that the specific strength and specific modulus of bamboo/epoxy laminates are adequate, the former being 3-4 times higher than that of mild steel. Its mechanical properties are generally comparable to those of ordinary fibreglass composites. The fracture behavioar of bamboo/ epoxy under different loading conditions were observed using both acoustic emission techniques arid scanning electron microscopy. The fracture mode varied with load, the fracture mechanism being similar to fibreglass and cardon reinforced composites. Microstrutural analyses revealed that natural bamboo is eligibly a fibre composite in itself; its inclusion in a plastic matrix helps solve the problems of cracking due to desiecation and bioerosion caused by insect pests. Furthermore, the thickness and shape of the composite can be tailored during fabrication to meet specific requirements, thereby enabling a wide spectrum of applications.更多还原