【摘要】 上海城市气候中的混浊岛效应主要表现在:（1）城郊大气质量对比表明,上海城市大气污染物（SO₂、NO_x、飘尘、降尘等）平均浓度明显高于郊区;（2）由于上海城市大气中凝结核丰富,热力湍流和机械湍流都比郊区强;因此城区低云量大于郊区;（3）城区混浊度因子明显大于郊区,以市区为中心形成一个显著的混浊岛。这种混浊岛效应随着上海城市的发展而逐渐增强.更多还原

【Abstract】 Shanghai is the largest industrial and commercial city in China.The urban turbidity island effect is remarkable. 1) The comparison of air quality between urban and rural areas shows that the concentration of urban air pollutants such as SO₂,NO_x,fly ash and falling dust is much higher than that of rural air pollutants. 2) Due to the more hygroscopic nuclei in the urban atmosphere and the thermal turbulence and mechanical turbulence in urban area are stronger, the low cloud amount in urban area is greater than that in rural areas. 3 ) Taking the ratio of solar direct radiation（S） to diffuse radiation（D） as the measure ofturbidity factor（D/S）,it can be seen that the turbidity factor in urban area is obviously greater than that of suburban area.The urban district as a center,a distinct turbidity island is formed.This kind of turbidity island effect is gradually increasing with the development of Shanghai city.更多还原