【摘要】 在分析理论制图学各分支的研究对象、研究内容及相互联系的基础上，不难得出地图符号和地图信息是制图学的一对基本矛盾。基于这样的认识，本文提出地图结构理论观点，试图站在元理论的层次上，探讨地图的本质，并对理论制图学的各分支流派进行新的综合。地图结构是指地图深层结构和地图表层结构的统一。地图深层结构即制图对象之结构，地图表层结构包括反映地图深层结构的符号系统的符号之间的关系结构——符号句法结构和以句法结构为基础的地图表形结构。地图转换规则作为地图深层结构和地图表层结构之间的联结机制，实施两者之间的转换，而两种结构之间的同构关系则是探讨地图本质的起点和基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is easy to certify that the contradiction between map symbol and map informa-tion is the principal one in cartography when we make an elaborating analysis in theresearching content. objects of modern theorectical branches of cartography. In the capa-city of my knowledge. a new theoretical opinion. map structure. is put forward by theauthor. The author thies to elusidate the nature of maps and make a new generalizationof these branches in this way.The uniformation of the map deep-structure and the map surface structure constitu-tes the map structure. map deep--structure refers to the structure of cartographical objects.map surface structure includes the syntactic structure in the cartographical symbolsystem that represent map deep-structure and the appearance structure set by the synta-ctic structure. The map transformation regularity is the connecting way between twostructures. but the isomorphy between them is the radical nature of maps.An example of analysis is given by the author at the end of this paper.更多还原