【摘要】 对于农业机器的配备计算,我国长期以来均沿用传统的工作量法。该方法虽简明易懂,但所得出的配备方案只能保证按一定时间要求完成作业,而不能保证作业成本和适时性损失最低。线性规划法、非线性规划法以及机器-时间系统配备法等考虑了作业时间、作业量、机器生产率、机器作业成本及适时性损失等因素,因而用于农业机器的配备能取得较为满意的结果。但是,这些方法需要人工根据作业的具体情况,编写大量的约束方程和目标函数,然后上计算机求解。约束方程和目标函数的编写不仅工作量大,而且较复杂,因而极大地限制了上述规划方法的使用和推广。笔者研制出一种由计算机自动生成约束方程和目标函数,并可求解最优配备方案的软件,从而方便地解决了过去诸方法存在的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The"working amount"method has long been used in farm machinery selection in our country due to its simplicity,but it takes only working amount into account.In contrast,the"system selection"methods,such as linear and non-linear programming,can make better results because they totally calculate the effects of available days for soil tillage,working amount, machinery costs and capacities,timeliness losses etc.in farm machinery selection,Why couldn’t these methods substitute the conventional"working amount"method and get a wide application?One of the main reasons is that large amount of constraint equations and objective functions in those methods have to be done by hands.To overcome the main problem,this paper presents a multi-functioned program PG-1,which can form the constraint equations automatically by computer in farm machinery selection.更多还原