【摘要】 高肥力条件下夏玉米大豆间混作的互补主要表现为叶层镶嵌,群体内光分布均匀,间作玉米消光系数小,风、温状况改善。竞争的重要因子是光而不是土壤养分。大豆竞争指数:混作<2∶2间作<3∶2间作:竞争强度:混作>2∶2间作>3∶2间作。间作竞争结果是相互补偿;混作竞争结果是相互抑制。互补与竞争对生殖器官效应大于营养器官。最终,间混比联合单作籽粒产量增加16-27%,产值增加7-12%,蛋白质产量高2.1-8.2公斤/亩,但籽粒产量略低于单作玉米。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was conducted in 1983-1984 in Baodingcity, Hebei Province to examine the complementarity and competition effects of inter and mixed cropping under summer-maize (Zea may L.) -soybean (Glycine max (L.)Merr.) on fertile land.The results indicated that there was a obvious complementarity between the two crops because leaf dispersion, light distribution, wind and temperature were all favourable in inter-cropping.It was found that inter-specific (maize/soybean) competition mainly for light began on about the 25th day after emergence and reached the maximum during the kernel formation of maize. Maize was superior to soybean in the competition. The results of the competition were mutual compensation in inter-cropping and mutual inhibition in mixed-cropping.The complementarity and competition had more remarkable effects on the reproductive organs than on the vegetative ones. As a result, the pods/plant of soybean in inter-mixed cropping was reduced seriously as compared with that in sole cropping. The grains per ear and the 1, 000-grain weight of maize were increased significantly in intercropping, but decreased in mixed-cropping as compared with those in sole cropping. On the basis of Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), inter-cropping and mixed-cropping gave 16-27% more grain and seed yields (LER=1.16-1.27) and 7-12% more gross economic income than the two crops grown separately.更多还原