【摘要】 本文报道了在苏联切尔诺贝利核电站事故后,对北京、沈阳、包头、甘肃、和浙江秦山等地区的一些环境样品的监测结果。监测从1986年5月1日开始,采集的样品包括空气、沉降灰、雨水、水库水、植物和土壤等,还测量了飞越国内外航线飞机上的尘埃样品。用反符合屏蔽低本底Ge（Li）γ谱仪对所有样品进行了分析测量,用放化分析方法测定了部分样品中放射性鳃和钚的含量。监测结果表明,切尔诺贝利核电站释放出来的放射性烟云于5月2日前抵 达北京地区。一般来说,我国北部地区测得的放射性烟云浓度比南部地区大。在欧洲和亚洲航班飞机上的尘埃中均发现有裂变产物,其含量前者明显地高于后者。各种样品中均含有裂变产物 主要成分有:¹³¹I,¹³⁷Cs,¹³⁴Cs,¹⁰³Ru和¹³²Te-¹³²I等。¹³⁷Cs与¹³⁴Cs之比约为2:1。初步估算事故对北京地区公众个人所产生的不完全有效剂量当量负担为11.3μSv,其中外照射贡献为7.9μSv,内照射贡献为3.4μSv。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper reports the monitoring results of some environmental samples from Beijing, Shenyang, Baotou,Gansu and Qinshan of Zhejiang after the Soviet Chernobyl reactor accident. The monitoring initiated on May 1,1986. The samples collected indued air ,fallout,rain water,reservoir water,plants and soil and the wip-ping samples of international and domestic airlines were also measured.Analysis was made with low background Ge(Li) spectrometer with anti-coincident shield and radiochemical methods for Sr-89,Sr-90 and Pu contents in some samples.The results indicate that the radioactive cloud released from the Chernobyl accident arrived to Beijing area on May 2, 1986. Generally speaking, the concentration of radioactive cloud in north China was greater than that in south China.Fission products were found in wipping samples taken from airplanes flying over Europe and Asia. The radioactivity level of the samples taken from European airline was considerably higher than that from Asian airline.The main fisson products found in different samples were. I-131, Cs-137, Cs-l34,Ru-103 and Te-132-I-132. The ratio of Cs-137 to Cs-134 was about 2.The partial effective dose equivalent commitment of preliminary estimation to the public in Beijing area from the accident was 11.3 Sv. The contribttion of the external exposure was 7.9 Sv. The contribution of the internal exposure was 3.4 Sv.更多还原