【摘要】 <正> 在山地坡面造林中,整地可以加厚土层,疏松土壤,清除杂草、石块,增加土壤的通气性和透水性,改善局部小气候状况,从而为幼树的成活和生长创造有利条件。由于各种整地都是在不同程度上改变局部小地形,形成一定的容积,可拦蓄坡面径流,因而能大大提高土壤含水量。这对干旱地区的造林有特别重要的意义。例如在太行山区的低山丘陵区,整地是造林成活和生长的决定性因素。 近年来,太行山区造林出现了几种新的整地形式,并采用了爆破整地法,现简介如下:更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, new methods of afforestation and land management have been adopted in the Taihang Mts, where blasting has been resorted to. Orchard plots. Small pieces of level ground 5 - 6 m in length and 2,5-3 m in width are scatteredly formed on slopes. The plots at different levels are staggered, each enclosed by rock levees or walls. Blasting is resorted to in case hard ledge is encountered during excavation.Fits for growing fruit trees. Pits are dug in the same way as mentioned above for "plots" , but the size is smaller and the stone embankment is dispensed with. Ditch-formed terraced fields: For slopes with angle of inclination under 20 ditches about 2 m wide and 1 m deep and spaced at 6 m or so are dug, and the excavated earth and rock are backfilled into the ditches, forming a levee 6.3-0.4 m high along the outer edge. The ditches are not laid out strictly along the contours, actually, a gradient of 0.3% is desirable, to favour irrigation and drainage.更多还原