【摘要】 本文依据透明电解槽的实验观测,讨论了金属雾的本性,提出了胶体熔液的观点。又依据工业铝电解槽电解质中铝浓度的分析结果,认为铝的熔解是铝损失的律速步骤。更多还原

【Abstract】 The dissolution of aluminium in the molten cryolite-alumina salts is of great importance because it relates to the current efficiency and energy consumption in aluminium production. The nature of metal fog is not yet fully understood. We carried out experiments in see-through cells, in order to observe the metal fog formation directly. At the same time we also observed the anode effect. The characteristics of the metal fog may be described as follows: (1) It is dispersed in the molten salts; (2) It is bluish purple in color in the transmitted light; (3) It is heavier than the cryolite-alumina melts; (4) It tends to diffuse into the anode compartment and to be oxidized by the anode gases. It forms a colloidal solution in the cryolite-alumina melts. The mechanism of the formation of metal fog is discussed. After analyzing the metal content in the electrolyte in industrial cells, it is assumed that the rate-determining step for metal losses is the step of metal dissolution, because it is the slowest step.更多还原