【摘要】 桓仁地处辽宁省东部山区。水系主要是浑江及其支流和各条河流上的大小水库。其中浑江恒仁水库为大型水库。浑江虽然流经浑江、通化二城市,受到一定程度的污染,但由于自净作用,在桓仁境内水质较好。各支流均发源于该县境内,基本未受污染,可认为是自然水体。 桓仁由于交通不便,水生生物的调查开展很少。本文作者于1984—1985年春、夏季对该地区水生硅藻作了调查,总结了以温度为主导因子的硅藻分布规律。发现温度对硅藻种类、数量的影响与水体污染的效应相似,即夏季高温时硅藻种类少而优势种数量多;春季硅藻种类丰富,而每种个体数趋于均衡。各种硅藻对温度的敏感性有明显的差异。调查中还发现一些其他地区少见的山区特有种类。此外,水体污染对硅藻区系的影响也很明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 Huanren County, a mountain region, is situated in the eastern part of Liaoning Province. The water system mainly consists of the Hunjiang River, its tributaries and various reservoirs built on these rivers, among which the Hunjiang Huanren Reservoir is a large-scale one. Although to a certain degree the Hunjiang River is polluted when it flows through the two cities of Hunjiang and Tonghua, the water is rather clean within the boundaries of the Huanren County because of its self-purification. All the tributaries of the Hunjiang River rise within the boundaries of the Huanren County and are not polluted on the whole, so they can be considered natural water bodies.Due to the inconvenience of transportation, little investigation has been made on the aquatic organisms in the Huanren County. The authors investigated aquatic diatoms of the Huanren region in the spring and summer of 1984 and 1985. We have summed up the laws which dstermine diatoms’ distribution with temperature as the main factor. It is found out that the influence of temperature on species of quantity of diatom is similar to the effect of water pollution. The species of diatoms are few but the quantity of dominant species is great in summer when the temperature is high, whereas the species are abundant but the quantity of erery individual species tends to be averaged in spring. The sensitivity of each species of diatom to tempoerature is evidently different. Some species which can adapt to low temparature such as Asterionella Formosa, Melasira Yarians, Meri-dion Circulare and Cymballa Ventricosa are predominant in spring, but reduce evidently in summer. They are supplanted in summer by Melosira Granulata and some spscies of the Navicula which are adapted to warm water. Cymbella Tumida is hardly subjected to influence of temperature and is predominant in both seasons. In the investigation, we have found the endemic species of mountain regions which are rarely to be seen in other places, such as Cymbella Ventricosa, C. Perpusilla, Csratoneis Arcus. In addition, polluted water bodies have evident effect on the flora of diatom. For instance, in the centre or edge regions of Huanren Reservoir, the distribution of diatom is evidently different. In the centre, there are more species but individual quantity is less, while in the edge regions, the result is just the opposite. All these have a certain regularity.更多还原