【摘要】 本文采用红外发散理论和二能级体系模型,讨论玻璃超声吸收在2K温度以下的行为,与现有的隧道二能级模型不同,我们把Bloch方程看作“磁化强度”所满足的宏观方程,方程中所有的物理量都是系综平均值。并且把缺陷态看作处在局域涨落场中的赝自旋,提出了在低温下赝自旋角扩散与温度的关系。我们不但得到与实验符合较好的理论吸收曲线,并且解释了弱照射共振吸收正比于T^-0.7和饱和吸收正比于ω²的实验规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 The nonlinear behavior of ultrasonic absorption in glasses below 2 K is analysed by combining the two-level systems model and the infrared divergence theory^[1]. A modification of the existing tunneling two-level model of Jackie et al. is given. The Bloch equations are used as the macroscopic equations of the "magnetization" and all quantities in the equations as en-sebmble averages rather than a state expectation value. With this modification, and the defect state as a pseudo-spin in the local fluctuation field, the relation between the angle diffusion of the spin and the temperature at low temperatures is deduced. The theoretical absorption curve obtained is consistent with the experimental data. The observed T^-0.7 rule of the resonance absorption under weak excitation and the proportional relation of the saturated absorption to ω² are also explained.更多还原