【摘要】 本文应用生态学原理和系统工程方法,对黄土丘陵区村级土地合理利用结构及其实施效益进行了研究。结果表明:1、在温凉半干旱黄土丘陵区的村级农业用地结构以牧主型为最好,其次为林牧并重型,而以农主型最差,次差者为林主型。其总产值之比分别为12.3∶10.7∶1∶7.2。其生态指数分别为0.85,0.93.0,0.89;2、以牧主型发展建造的实体模型与理论模型预测结果基本相符,其可信度为93%;3、牧主型优化实体模型较初始状况(农主型)的总经济功能提高6.2倍,3年实践结果,每人平均已实现465公斤粮、355元、900公斤柴,水土流失也减少50%左右。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rational land use structure and its benefit in village level of loess- gullied region have been studied for 3 years,employing the ecological prin- cipal and the systematic engineering method.The result shows that,1. among the rational land use structures of agriculture in village level on loess- gullied region with temperate and cool climate,husbandry-leading tvpe is the best,the better one is forestry-husbandry-leading type,the farming- leading type is the poorest and forestry-leading type the poorer.The ratio of total production values of these types is calculated as 12.3:10.7:1: 7.2,the ecological indices of them are 0.85,0.93,0,0.89;2.the results of the practical model using husbandry-leading type as the developing stra- tegy almost conforms to that of the theoretical model,its reliability is 93%; 3.the total economic function of the optimal practical modeI of husbandry- leading type is 6.2 times more than that of the initiate state(farming-lea- ding type),at present,satisfactory results have been obtained that 455kg of grain,355 yuan,900kg of firewood in average for each person is gotten annually,soil loss is decreased for about 50%.更多还原