【摘要】 为了进一步明确蝗虫类群在草原生态系统内的功能作用,在内蒙古锡林河流域典型草原益和乌拉山地区,依蝗虫发生季节的次序,先后研究了3种优势蝗虫(毛足棒角蝗、宽须蚁蝗、亚州小车蝗)成虫群体在自然变温条件下取食羊草的食物消耗量和利用能力问题。 本文首先提出了群体饲育时,蝗虫个体平均寿命的计算式: (?)=sum from n=i-1 to (?) i·N_i/N_t 式中,i=个体寿命的天数;N_i=寿命为i的个体数,N_t=蝗虫实验种群的个体总数。 据上式计算得出3种蝗虫个体平均寿命,毛足棒角蝗:雄性为38.2±2.8天、雌性为31.4±2.2天;宽须蚁蝗:雄性为40.9±2.3天、雌性为30.2±1.6天、亚洲小车蝗:雄性为52.6±0.7天、雌性为40.6±2.3天。 3种蝗虫在其成虫历期内,平均个体累积食量玩 (干重,克)为:毛足棒角蝗的雄性为0.607±0.059、雌性为0.643±0.084;宽须蚁蝗的雄性为0.303±0.022、雌性为0.340±0.037;亚洲小车蝗的雄性为1.414±0.180、雌性为2.933±0.186。在不同蝗种间,其平均个体累积食量的差异显著(P<0.01)。 3种蝗虫的雌性个体均因卵的生长发育致使个体的增重显著(P<0.01);而雄性个体中,仪亚洲小车蝗增重显著(P<0.01)。 3种蝗虫之雄性个体的近似消化力(A.D.)均显著高于同种的雌性个体(P<0.01);季节发生早的蝗种之近似消化力?更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper deals with the preliminary studies on food consumption and utilization by three species of ecridcids viz. Dasyhippus barbipes F.-W. (Db), My-rmeleotettix palpalis (Zub. )(Mp) and Oedaleus decorus asiaticus B -B’enko(Oda), under the natural conditions of field near the foothills of Ihoula Mt. in Xilin River District, Nei Mongol (Inner Mongolia) Autonomous Region.It is well known that the acridoids function as the primary consumers in the typical steppe ecosystem, and the study on the food consumption and the abilities of food utilization by the acridoids above mentioned are the basis for estimating quantitatively the function of acridoids in the steppe ecosystem.First of all, the formula of the average longevities of individual is proposed as follow.where i = days of longevity of individuals;Ni = number of individuals whose longevities equal i;N i= total numbers of experimental population of acridoids.we have obtained the average longevities of individuals of the three species: Db: = 38.2±2.8 days, = 31.4 ± 2.2 days; Mp: = 40.9 ± 2.3 days, =30.2 ±1.6 days; Oda: = 52.6±0.7 days, =40.6 ± 2.3 days.The average accumulation (Qa,gm. , dry weight)of food consumed by individuals at the adult stage of the acridoids are different from each other markedly (P<0.01); Db: =0.607 ± 0.059gm., = 0.643±0.084gm. , Mp: =0.303 ± 0.022gm., =0.340 ± 0.037gm. , Oda: = 1.414±0.180gm. , = 2.933±0.186gm. The differences in Qa between females and males in Db and Mp are not remarkable expect that the Qa of females is evidently higher than males in Oda.Due to the growth and development of eggs in the females, the body weights of three different acridoids increased remarkably (P<0.01) during the adult stage. But in the males, only the body weight of Oda increased remarkably (P< 0.01).The Approximate Digestibility (A. D. ) of the male individuals is obviously higher than that of the female in all the three species. It is evident that the A. D. of the species emerging earlier in Inner Mongolia steppe is higher than that of the later ones, viz. Db>Mp>Oda. The efficiences of conversition for ingested and digested food (E.C.I. & E.C.D.) of females are obviously higher than that of the males (P<0.01), and the ratio of females and males can be ordered as: Db>Mp>Oda.更多还原