【摘要】 本文对栖息于高寒草甸优势种小哺乳动物——高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)种群的密度、食物的摄入、消化和同化、平均每日代谢率(ADMR)、每日能量收支(DEB)、种群的生产量(P)和呼吸量(R)进行了长期研究的基础上,按照 A=P+R的途径,估计了通过高原鼠兔种群的能流。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to A = P + R energy balance equation, the energy flow through the population of plateau pika, a dominant and widespread species in the Kobresia humilis meadow, has been studied.The research area is located at the Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station (Lat. 37°29’-37°45’N, Long. 101°12’-101°33’E) with an altitude of about 3250 meters above sea level.The primary net production (above ground) of Kobresia humilis meadow amounts to 60480.67× l0~3KJ/ha/year. The total food available (F2 ) for plateau pikas in the Kobresia humilis meadow reaches as much as 48384.53×10~3KJ/ha year (i.e. 80% of the primary net production).Numbers of the population were estimated by markand recapture method, the mean annual density of plateau pikas was 96.43 pikas/ha; 112.81 pikas/ha respectively during 1980-1981, but the density of 1983 was sharp decreased to 12.07 pikas/ha due to a heavy snow in the winter of 1982, which seldom occurred in the local history. The turnover of individuals (θN ) in the plateau pika population reaches 2.6/year. The consumption of the plateau pika population is 935.60-8902.50×10~3KJ/ha year. The amount of energy lost through feces and urine reaches 262.06-2493.59; 33.03-314.26 (10~3KJ/ ha year) respectively.The daily energy budget (DEB) in different seasons of the year was calculated from the measurements of the dependence of ADMR upon body weight. The mean annual DEB is 1.1567KJ/g day. The dissipation of the whole population for the cost of maintenance totals 614.36-5845.84 (10~3KJ/ha year). The production of plateau pika population is 26.15-248.80 (10~3KJ/ha year) in different years and the net production efficiency (100P/C-F) is 3.9% and the gross production efficiency (P/C) is 2.81%,both of them are higher than that of the average level in the rodents. The energy flow through the population of plateau pika is 640.51-6094.65 (10~3KJ/ha year) .更多还原